Abstract: A temperature controller for simultaneously controlling the temperatures of a plurality of heating elements for use in chromatographic analysis including columns, detectors, valves, transport lines and other components.

Abstract: A temperature controller for simultaneously controlling the temperatures of a plurality of heating elements for use in chromatographic analysis including columns, detectors, valves, transport lines and other components.

Abstract: A detector for gas chromatography using two or more ionization sources within a single body to separately provide ionization energy to a column gas eluent to provide electrical discharge to two or more collecting electrodes provides improved selectivity and may be so used. Use is made of combined bias/collecting electrodes or of sets of separated bias and collecting electrodes. The use of multiple ionization sources permits generation of multiple detector outputs from within a common body and of a common constituent flow. The ionization sources and any applicable discharge gas and dopant may be selected based on desired selectivity.

Abstract: The adaptive temperature controller system includes a device for measuring resistance, an electrically-conductive material, a power supply, and a device for controlling power. In operation, the controller determines the resistance of material at one or more temperatures and therefore determines the resistance of the material through a range of operating temperature. Based on such determination so long as voltage and power are known, the resistance of the material, and therefore its temperature, are known. As a result the voltage or power may be instantly varied to produce near infinite control over material temperature.

Abstract: A pulsed discharge helium ionization detector for gas chromatography with multiple combined bias/collecting electrodes.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a nut and ferrule assembly for use in joining tubing to a fitting. The ferrule has a male member which interlocks with a nut and freely rotates within the nut. The interlock reduces the number of parts necessary to be handled, eliminates the need for the nut to be of the same material as the ferrule, reduces the possibility of flow restriction or tubing deformation associated with rotation of the ferrule, and aids in the removal of the ferrule from the detail when removal is desired.

Abstract: A heated rotary valve for use in connection with a sample to be separated in a column for heating the sample to temperature within the valve. The heated rotary valve permits introduction of compounds, having a wide boiling range, into a gas chromatograph with improved precision of area and retention time. The valve includes a stator, an elongate body, a rotor seal, a drive shaft, and an internal element for generating heat. The rotor seal may be laterally captured by a ring to prevent movement or creep due to heat absorption during operation.

Abstract: A tubing and ferrule assembly for use in joining a clad tubing to a fitting. The ferrule is bound to the clad tubing, which includes a partial jacket of stainless steel, such that the inert core protrudes from, and has a common outer diameter with, the jacket. The ferrule is bound to the jacket slightly more distant than necessary for the inert core to contact a fitting. When the ferrule is retained in place, the inert core is compressed and provides a true zero dead volume connection between the clad tubing and the fitting.

Abstract: A variable load mechanism for use in a valve seals the flow of a switched fluid. The flow passes through the mechanism in a region which includes shear seal surfaces. The lives of the components of the valve are extended by limiting the range of excursion in response to valve seat forces. The valve element is provided with a first force from a stack of Bellville washers, for example. A second force acts on the valve element through the spring and is determined by fluid pressure.

Abstract: This disclosure sets forth a diaphragm valve operative with N ports deployed in an upper head. The ports all connect to a diaphragm having a bead defining a flow path around the diaphragm connecting all the ports. In the cylinder below the upper head, there are upper and lower pistons which are forced apart to define a fluid receiving chamber. The fluid receiving chamber is enlarged on the introduction of fluid above a certain pressure thereby raising half of the piston rods bearing against the diaphragm and reduction of fluid pressure in the chamber lowers those push rods and raises an alternate set of push rods to accomplish diaphragm switching by deformation of the resilient material defining the diaphragm.

Abstract: The disclosure pertains to a tubing and ferrule assembly for use in joining a clad tubing to a fitting. The ferrule is bound to the clad tubing, which includes a partial jacket of stainless steel, such that the inert core protrudes from, and has a common outer diameter with, the jacket. The ferrule is bound to the jacket slightly more distant than necessary for the inert core to contact a fitting. When the ferrule is retained in place, the inert core is compressed and provides a true zero dead volume connection between the clad tubing and the fitting. The relationship of the ferrule, the clad tubing, and the fitting limits the position of the clad tubing and therefore precludes damaging of the associated valve or component.

Abstract: A pulsed discharge photoinoization detector is set forth which comprises a plurality of closed chambers for receiving different types of carrier gas flowing there through between inlets and outlets. The carrier gases are exposed to a pair of electrodes forming a spark across each chamber and through each carrier gas. At least one component of each type of carrier gas is excited within each chamber by the spark discharges, and the resonance energies of each type of carrier gas are different. The sample to be analyzed is split and a portion is injected into each of the closed chambers where it is exposed to the excited carrier gases. Carrier gases, upon decay, serve as sources of ionizing radiation of differing energy which react with compounds within the sample gas producing ionization currents which are a function of the types of sample gas compounds and the types of carrier gases.

Abstract: This invention is a method and device for use with multi-dimensional chromatography that utilizes partial modulation with multiple secondary retention times. An analyte-bearing sample is subjected to a first dimension of chromatography. Thereafter the separated analyte-bearing sample is diluted with a modulated second carrier such at the analyte-bearing sample is not stopped or its temperature altered. The secondary retention time period at which the modulator cycles is variable among multiple secondary retention time periods to prevent loss of resolution with less complex and/or low boiling point compounds and to prevent loss of data with more complex and/or higher boiling point compounds. The partially modulated analyte-bearing sample then feeds into a secondary column where the analyte-bearing sample is further separated.

Abstract: Systems for use with liquid chromatography for provision of continuous flow or gradient flow in connection with two pumps providing mobile phase to a valve.

Abstract: A combined pump-injector valve utilizing a single piece as the barrel of the pump and as the stator of the valve, thus eliminating any need for connections between a pump and a valve, and therefore the potential for high-pressure leaks or pressure reductions. The combined pump-injector valve permits injection of nanoliter-sized samples into a chromatographic column, which is sealed during loading of the sample and filling of the pump, such that complete analyses can be completed with microliters of mobile phase with nanoliters of a sample.

Abstract: A temperature controller for simultaneously controlling the temperatures of a plurality of heating elements for use in chromatographic analysis including columns, detectors, valves, transport lines and other components.

Abstract: Systems for use with liquid chromatography for provision of continuous flow or gradient flow in connection with two pumps providing mobile phase to a valve.

Abstract: The adaptive temperature controller includes an ambient temperature sensor, a device for measuring resistance, an electrically-conductive material, a power supply, and a device for controlling power. In operation, the controller determines the resistance of material at or near ambient temperature. Based on such determination so long as voltage and power are known, the resistance of the material, and therefore its instant temperature is known. Additionally, the adaptive temperature controller determines the responsiveness of the electrically-conductive material to determine the predicted increase in temperature and rate of increase in temperature relative to increases in voltage, current or power. As a result the voltage or power may be instantly varied to produce near infinite control over material temperature.

Abstract: A temperature controller for simultaneously controlling the temperatures of a plurality of heating elements for use in chromatographic analysis including columns, detectors, valves, transport lines and other components.

Abstract: This invention is a method and device for use with multi-dimensional chromatography that utilizes partial modulation. An analyte-bearing sample is subjected to a first dimension of chromatography. Thereafter the separated analyte-bearing sample is diluted with a modulated second carrier such at the analyte-bearing sample is not stopped or its temperature altered. The partially modulated analyte-bearing sample then feeds into a secondary column where the analyte-bearing sample is further separated.

Abstract: A temperature controller for simultaneously controlling the temperatures of a plurality of heating elements for use in chromatographic analysis including columns, detectors, valves, transport lines and other components.

Abstract: A deformable bushing to seal tubing to a receiving body is provided. The bushing includes a pair of grooves extending around the bushing with an annular ring between the grooves. The grooves are cut to a depth leaving sufficient wall thickness, and have an inscribed angle of about 90 degrees. An alignment flange may be provided at one end of the bushing to align the axis of the tubing with the axis of the through-hole in the receiving body.

Abstract: A tubing and ferrule assembly for use in joining a clad tubing to a fitting. The ferrule is bound to the clad tubing, which includes a partial jacket of stainless steel, such that the inert core protrudes from, and has a common outer diameter with, the jacket. The ferrule is bound to the jacket slightly more distant than necessary for the inert core to contact a fining. When the ferrule is retained in place, the inert core is compressed and provides a true zero dead volume connection between the clad tubing and the fitting. The relationship of the ferrule, the clad tubing, and the fitting limits the position of the clad tubing and therefore precludes damaging of the associated valve or component.

Abstract: The adaptive temperature controller system includes a device for measuring resistance, an electrically-conductive material, a power supply, and a device for controlling power. In operation, the controller determines the resistance of material at one or more temperatures and therefore determines the resistance of the material through a range of operating temperature. Based on such determination so long as voltage and power are known, the resistance of the material, and therefore its temperature, are known. As a result the voltage or power may be instantly varied to produce near infinite control over material temperature.

Abstract: A combined pump-injector valve utilizing a single piece as the barrel of the pump and as the stator of the valve, thus eliminating any need for connections between a pump and a valve, and therefore the potential for high-pressure leaks or pressure reductions. The combined pump-injector valve permits injection of nanoliter-sized samples into a chromatographic column, which is sealed during loading of the sample and filling of the pump, such that complete analyses can be completed with microliters of mobile phase with nanoliters of a sample.

Abstract: A temperature controller for simultaneously controlling the temperatures of a plurality of heating elements for use in chromatographic analysis including columns, detectors, valves, transport lines and other components.

Abstract: The adaptive temperature controller includes a device for measuring resistance, an electrically-conductive material, a power supply, and a device for controlling power. In operation, the controller determines the resistance of material at one or more temperatures and therefore determines the resistance of the material through a range of operating temperature. Based on such determination so long as voltage and power are known, the resistance of the material, and therefore its temperature, are known. As a result the voltage or power may be instantly varied to produce near infinite control over material temperature.

Abstract: A detector for gas chromatography using two or more ionization sources within a single body to separately provide ionization energy to a column gas eluent to provide electrical discharge to two or more collecting electrodes provides improved selectivity and may be so used. Use is made of combined bias/collecting electrodes or of sets of separated bias and collecting electrodes. The use of multiple ionization sources permits generation of multiple detector outputs from within a common body and of a common constituent flow. The ionization sources and any applicable discharge gas and dopant may be selected based on desired selectivity.

Abstract: A heated rotary valve for use in connection with a sample to be separated in a column for heating the sample to temperature within the valve. The heated rotary valve permits introduction of compounds, having a wide boiling range, into a gas chromatograph with improved precision of area and retention time. The valve includes a stator, an elongate body, a rotor seal, a drive shaft, and an internal element for generating heat. The rotor seal may be laterally captured by a ring to prevent movement or creep due to heat absorption during operation.

Abstract: A temperature controller for simultaneously controlling the temperatures of a plurality of heating elements for use in chromatographic analysis including columns, detectors, valves, transport lines and other components.

Abstract: A rod-style linear actuator for use with a housing associated with an axially-rotatable hollow internally-threaded shaft and a piston-driven device is provided where small, precise movement is necessary. The actuator includes a body, a lead screw engaging the axially-rotatable hollow internally-threaded shaft and terminating in a piston, and an anti-rotation device extending from to the lead screw and engaging one of the body or an opposing second body.

Abstract: This disclosure features a permeation storage chamber in a tube having a first membrane delivering a permeate flow into an intermediate chamber. This chamber delivers flow from a second membrane. The intermediate chamber delivers surplus permeate out through a pressure regulator, or a drain tube. Pressure stabilization at the second membrane enables constant permeation discharge, avoiding pressure or temperature dependent flow rate charges.

Abstract: A valve is provided for use with liquid chromatography where liquid is provided to the chromatographic analysis equipment at more than one pressure, including up to ultra-high pressures. High and higher pressure operation are provided by application of force by an internal spring while avoiding wear of components by permitting higher pressure operation by mechanical engagement of an internal element to cause the internal spring to increase the force applied to the rotor, without the addition of external additional loading in the high pressure operation.

Abstract: A pump for high-pressure and/or nano-scale volumes permits identification of the internal pressure of the pump.

Abstract: A detector for gas chromatography using two ionization sources within a single body to separately provide ionization energy to a column gas eluent to provide electrical discharge to two or more collecting electrodes provides improved selectivity and may be so used. Use is made of combined bias/collecting electrodes. The use of two ionization sources permits generation of two detector outputs from within a common body and of a common constituent flow. The ionization sources and any applicable discharge gas and dopant may be selected based on desired selectivity.

Abstract: A temperature controller for simultaneously controlling the temperatures of a plurality of heating elements for use in chromatographic analysis including columns, detectors, valves, transport lines and other components.

Abstract: A pulsed discharge helium ionization detector for gas chromatography with multiple combined bias/collecting electrodes.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are set forth which enables a gas chromatographic column output to be connected with a pulse discharge chamber in which chemically bound chlorine in volatile organic or inorganic samples is measured. A spark discharge is formed in the chamber to ionize and excite helium molecules to a metastable state. In turn, that transfers excitation to a trace of krypton gas in the chamber which is ionized, and the ionized krypton then preferentially binds with chemically bound chlorine. The latter binding occurs with the liberation of a photon centered at about 222 nanometers thereby defining a spectral region of interest which is measured by a photomultiplier tube to quantify chemically bound chlorine.

Abstract: The disclosure pertains to an assembly for use in connecting tubing to a fitting with zero dead volume.